During the 5-year construction no financial restrictions limited the project, so to add to the grandeur of the structure, pagan pillars were taken from Ephesus and the Temple of Artemis and brought to Constantinople. Upon conquering Constantinople on 29 May 1453, the Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II’s first order of business was to vis it the Church of Hagia Sophia just after he entered the city. The Ottomans showed great respect for this magnifieent building and the Hagia Sophia continued to act as a place of worship by the Ottomans after the conquest of stanbul it was used as a mosque for nearly 500 years.
The museum entrance, located on the west side in the garden, was the original gate, which began to be used again after a long period of time. The high gate placed in the middle of the entrance is “the Gate of the Empire” and the mosaic panel on the gate was added at the end of the 9th century. You can alsa see the portraits of the Virgin Mary and the Angel Gabriel, at the lateral medallions. When you enter the Hagia Sophia you will likely be hypnotized by its splendid dome.
This dome, which cavers the top of the building, appears to be floating in the air like a cloud. The wall and ceilings are covered with colorful marble and mosaics. In total, there are 107 pillars at the entry level and in the galleries. The pillar capitals are the most characteristic architectural example of 6th century Byzantine style. The deep and intricately carved marble, another decorative style distinct of the 6th century, creates optical illusions with the wistful light and shadow that enter through the windows.
Carvings in the marbleshow an array of detail including the monograms of past emperors in the middle. Within the apse semi-dome there is a mosaic showing the Virgin Mary holding the Christ Child and a mosaic of the Angel Gabriel on the right side. The large leather discs on the walls at the gallery level recall the histarical period when the building was used as a mosque. The calligraphy written by the best crafismen of the mid-19th century render the discs pieces of art of great value in themselves.
The names of Allah, Mohammed the prophet of Islam, the four main caliphates, and Hasan and Hussein are inscribed on them. The base of “the sweating pillar” located at the north side of the building is encireled with a bronze belt. It is believed that if you put your fingers into the hale on this pillar and makes a wish, the wish will be granted.
There is one mosaic panel at the northern flank and three mosaic panels consisting of a trio of a figures at the southern flank. The masterpiece panel of Byzantine mosaic art is placed at the south gallery where sunlight enters from the window next to it. This is the trio figure known as “Diesis. The figures represented are that of Jesus in middle. Mary on the right and Joseph on the left.
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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Hagia Sophia
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